Artemisia afra Repellent use

Artemisia afra Jacq.

Cet article regroupe les publications scientifiques concernant l’usage répulsif d’Artemisia afra Jacq.

Artemisia afra Repellent use

Artemisia afra Jacq.

2004

Simiyu Silas Khamala B.Sc.
Bioevaluation of Insecticidal and Repellent Plants from Central Region of Kenya and Chemical Identification of Bioactive Derivatives
A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of Master of Science of Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

Texte accessible via :
https://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/2475

Abstract:

Despite considerable control efforts, malaria still remains the most prevalent and devastating disease in the tropics. With more than 40% of the world population at risk, malaria undermines the welfare of several South American, Asian and African states, endangering the survival of children (killing one child every 30 seconds) and straining scarce resources. It is estimated that US $ 2 billion is spent on malaria control and treatment programmes in Africa annually. The problem is becoming increasingly difficult to manage because of the continuous intensification and spread of resistance to anti-malarial drugs by the parasites. This poses a serious threat in increased severity of disease and health. Vector resistance to insecticides is a recurring theme and a major problem in malaria control programmes. The safety and efficacy of N, N-diethyl-mtoluamide (DEET), the most potent of the modem synthetic repellent, is questionable. Other problems associated with repellents include vector resistance, avoidance and frequent repetitive application. The recent discovery of trans-cis-nepetalactone and p-mentane-3,8-diol that are more effective and environmentally friendly than DEET justifies bioprospecting from plants. In our search for new repellents we have continued with bioprospecting activities of the Kenyan flora.

The essential oils from leaves of Artemisia afra, Senecio moorei, Cineraria grandifolia (Asteraceae), Nepeta azurea, Satureja pseudomensis (Labitae), Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) and Pseudocarum eminii (Umbelliferae) from Mt. Kenya region were evaluated for their repellent and insecticidal activity against adult female An. gambiae mosquitoes. The essential oil of Nepeta azurea was the most effective repellent (RD50 6.5x10-7mg/cm2). The essential oils from other species studied also showed significant repellent effect. The order of repellency was: Pseudocarum eminii > Senecio moorei > Clausena anisata > Satureja pseudomensis > Cineraria grandifolia > Artemisia afra with RD50 = 4.39 x 10-4, 1.27 x 10-3, 7.86 x 10-3, 1.15 x 10-2, 2.2 x 10-2, 3.07 x 10-2 mg/cm-2, respectively. The essential oil from Artemisia afra was insecticidal at 1% w/v (LD50= 2.26x 10-2 mg/cm"). The constituent compounds were identified through GC, GC-MS and GC co-injection and bio-assayed for repellent and insecticidal properties.

  • Excerpt:
  • 23.1.1.1 Artemisia afra
  • Artemisia afra from the family Asteraceae is described as an erect loose shrub to 2 m, with grey-green aromatic foliage. Locally the plant is known by various names such as Sesimwa (Marakwet), Ushemeli (Sukuma) and Shamba (Fiji) (Agnew, 1974). The herb is frequently used in folk medicine for various pharmacological properties (Kokwaro, 1993). A fermentation of the heated herb is given to children with soar throat. The plant is also used for indigestion. Roots are boiled and decotion drunk 2-3 times a day for internal worms. The leaves are chewed and juice swallowed as emetic (Kokwaro, 1993). A. afra was collected from Marania Forest, Mt. Kenya via Timau on the way to the Kenya School of Adventure.
  • The anti-plasmodial activities against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and mosquito larvicidal activity of the extracts ofA. afra has been reported (Kraft etal., 2003) and (Guantai, 1990) respectively. The essential oil composition of A. afra from S. Africa, Botswana and Zimbabwe has been reported (Graver et al., 1990; Chagonda et al., 1999). However, no repellent or adulticidal activity had been undertaken. In our preliminary studies, A. afra oil exhibited both repellent and insecticidal activity against An. gambiae s.s mosquitoes. These findings and the fact that no repellent or insecticidal activity had been reported in the literature for this plant prompted us to embark upon chemical and biological investigations in search of repellent or insecticidal compounds therein.
Published online by La vie re-belle
 5/04/2020
 https://lavierebelle.org/artemisia-afra-usage-repulsif

 Documents

 Bioevaluation of Insecticidal and Repellent Plants from Central Region of Kenya and Chemical Identification of Bioactive Derivatives
PDF 
 Simiyu Silas Khamala B.
 2004-bioevaluation_of_insecticidal___repellent_plants_fr (...)
PDF 
 Contribution à l’étude de l’effet d’une culture associée entre l’armoise africaine (Artemisia Afra Jacq. Ex Willd.) et le chou pomme (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata L.) sur les ravageurs du chou pomme dans la région de Thies au Sénégal
PDF 
 Laëtitia Machiels

Other uses

Other uses of Artemisia afra

Articles 1

Cet article regroupe les publications concernant les usages vétérinaires d’Artemisia afra Jacq.
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